LANGUAGE ARTS: Scope and Sequence
GRAMMAR
Key: [ I ] Introduce, Instruct [ R ] Review, Reinforce [ E ] Expand, Elaborate
Types of Sentences |
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Simple Sentence |
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Compound Sentence |
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Complex Sentence |
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Sentence Fragment |
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Run-on Sentence |
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Key: [ I ] Introduce, Instruct [ R ] Review, Reinforce [ E ] Expand, Elaborate
Parts of a Sentence |
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Subject |
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Complete Subject |
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Simple Subject |
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Compound Subject |
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Predicate |
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Complete Predicate |
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Simple Predicate |
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Compound Predicate |
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Clause |
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Independent Clause |
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Dependent Clause |
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Dependent Clause - Noun |
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Dependent Clause - Adverb |
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Dependent Clause - Adjective |
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Elliptical Clause |
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Phrase |
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Noun Phrase |
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Noun Phrase - Subject |
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Noun Phrase - Objectives |
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Noun Phrase – Prepositional Objectives |
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Noun Phrase – Gerund Phrase |
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Noun Phrase – Indefinite Phrase |
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Adjective Phrase |
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Adverb Phrase |
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Prepositional Phrase |
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Modifier |
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Limiting Modifier |
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Restricting Modifier |
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Non-restricting Modifier |
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Key: [ I ] Introduce, Instruct [ R ] Review, Reinforce [ E ] Expand, Elaborate
Parts of Speech |
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Adjectives |
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Adverb |
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Adverb – modifying a noun |
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Adverb – modifying an adjective |
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Adverb – modifying an adverb |
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Article |
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Indefinite Article |
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Definite Article |
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Conjunctions |
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Interjection |
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Noun |
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Noun as a Subject of a Verb |
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Noun as an Object of a Verb |
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Noun as an Identifying Noun |
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Noun as an Object of a Preposition |
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Noun as an Appositive |
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Preposition |
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Pronoun |
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Verb |
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Transitive Verb |
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Intransitive Verb |
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Verb Tenses |
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Present Tense |
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Past Tense |
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Regular Past Tense |
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Irregular Past Tense |
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Future Tense |
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Simple Verb Form |
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Progressive Verb Form |
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Perfect Verb Form |
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Perfect Progressive Verb Form |
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VOCABULARY
Key: [ I ] Introduce, Instruct [ R ] Review, Reinforce [ E ] Expand, Elaborate
Outside / Inside Approach |
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Word's Parts |
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Prior Knowledge |
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Contextual Clues |
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Mood of the Selection |
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Key: [ I ] Introduce, Instruct [ R ] Review, Reinforce [ E ] Expand, Elaborate
Working with Words |
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Commonly Used Words |
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Sight Words |
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Decomposing Words |
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Key: [ I ] Introduce, Instruct [ R ] Review, Reinforce [ E ] Expand, Elaborate
Suffixes |
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Inflectional Meanings |
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Noun endings: -s, -es, -tion |
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Verb endings: -ed, -ing, -en |
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Adjectival: -er, -est |
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Adverbial: -ly |
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Derivational Meanings: -ial, -y |
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Compound Words: -ness, -less, -ful |
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Key: [ I ] Introduce, Instruct [ R ] Review, Reinforce [ E ] Expand, Elaborate
Suffixes |
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Inflectional Meanings |
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Noun endings: -s, -es, -tion |
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Verb endings: -ed, -ing, -en |
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Adjectival: -er, -est |
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Adverbial: -ly |
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Derivational Meanings: -ial, -y |
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Compound Words: -ness, -less, -ful |
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Key: [ I ] Introduce, Instruct [ R ] Review, Reinforce [ E ] Expand, Elaborate
Prefix |
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ab- |
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ad - |
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be - |
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com- |
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de - |
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dis- |
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en - |
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ex - |
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in - |
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in- |
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pre- |
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pro- |
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re - |
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sub- |
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un- |
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Key: [ I ] Introduce, Instruct [ R ] Review, Reinforce [ E ] Expand, Elaborate
Root Words |
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Identifying the root word/prefix/suffix |
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Dividing words into syllables |
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Marking vowels |
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WRITING
Key: [ I ] Introduce, Instruct [ R ] Review, Reinforce [ E ] Expand, Elaborate
Types of Expository Writing |
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Discursive Arguments |
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Newspaper Reports |
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Recounts |
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Non-chronological Reports |
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Key: [ I ] Introduce, Instruct [ R ] Review, Reinforce [ E ] Expand, Elaborate
Expository Writing |
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Answering W-Questions |
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Using Models |
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Using Sequence |
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Developing a Main Idea |
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Developing a Thesis Statement |
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Using Details, Examples and Explanations |
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Hooking an Audience's Interest |
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Making an Outline |
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Bibliographies / Citing Sources |
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Compare and Contrast Format |
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Problem / Solution Format |
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Key: [ I ] Introduce, Instruct [ R ] Review, Reinforce [ E ] Expand, Elaborate
Types of Narrative Writing |
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Imaginary |
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Factual |
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Combination |
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Key: [ I ] Introduce, Instruct [ R ] Review, Reinforce [ E ] Expand, Elaborate
Narrative Writing |
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Journaling |
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Learning Logs |
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Autobiographical Incidents |
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Third Person Narration |
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Biographical Narratives |
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Elements of Literature |
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Using Strong Verbs in the Active voice |
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Precise Nouns |
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Transitional Words |
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Combining Sentences |
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Comparisons |
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Sentence Beginnings |
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Key: [ I ] Introduce, Instruct [ R ] Review, Reinforce [ E ] Expand, Elaborate
Persuasive Writing |
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Supporting Facts and Examples |
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Stating Opinions / Point of View |
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Target Audience |
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Transitional Words |
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Persuasive Techniques |
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Propaganda Techniques |
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Logic, Order and Reason |
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Seeing Another Point of View |
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Argument Fallacies |
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Tone |
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Mood |
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Types of Descriptive Writing |
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Technical |
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Instructional |
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Explanations |
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Key: [ I ] Introduce, Instruct [ R ] Review, Reinforce [ E ] Expand, Elaborate
Descriptive Writing |
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Using Sensory Imagery |
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Using Visual Details |
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Descriptive Words and Phrases |
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Alliteration |
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Choosing Synonyms |
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Metaphor and Simile |
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Personification |
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Organization of Descriptive Paragraphs |
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Organizing Dialog |
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Establish Atmosphere |
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Poetry Formats |
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LISTENING SKILLS
Key: [ I ] Introduce, Instruct [ R ] Review, Reinforce [ E ] Expand, Elaborate
PROCESS |
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Hearing |
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Understanding |
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Judging |
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Key: [ I ] Introduce, Instruct [ R ] Review, Reinforce [ E ] Expand, Elaborate
Strategies |
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Full Attention |
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Focus on the Speaker's Words |
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Avoid Interrupting |
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Think Before you Speak |
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Listen for Main Ideas |
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Ask Questions |
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Give Feedback |
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Think Fast: Time Management |
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SPEAKING SKILLS
Key: [ I ] Introduce, Instruct [ R ] Review, Reinforce [ E ] Expand, Elaborate
FOUR POINTS: Subject |
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Direct Sources |
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Indirect Sources |
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To Inform |
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To Persuade |
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To Entertain |
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Key: [ I ] Introduce, Instruct [ R ] Review, Reinforce [ E ] Expand, Elaborate
FOUR POINTS: Audience |
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Knowledge |
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Wants |
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Key: [ I ] Introduce, Instruct [ R ] Review, Reinforce [ E ] Expand, Elaborate
FOUR POINTS: Speaker |
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Personality |
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Body Language |
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Tone |
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Pacing |
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Crutches |
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Key: [ I ] Introduce, Instruct [ R ] Review, Reinforce [ E ] Expand, Elaborate
FOUR POINTS: Occasion |
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Formal |
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Informal |
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Key: [ I ] Introduce, Instruct [ R ] Review, Reinforce [ E ] Expand, Elaborate
Planning |
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Purpose |
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Main Ideas |
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Main Ideas: 5 W's |
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Supporting Materials |
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Supporting Materials: Description |
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Supporting Materials: Narration |
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Supporting Materials: Comparisons |
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Supporting Materials: Examples |
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Supporting Materials: Testimony |
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Supporting Materials: Statistics |
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Supporting Materials: Visual Aids |
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Introduction |
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Introduction: Opening Statement |
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Introduction: Statement of the Specific Purpose |
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Conclusions |
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Conclusions: Informative |
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Conclusions: Persuasive |
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Conclusions: Entertain |
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Outline / Notes |
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Key: [ I ] Introduce, Instruct [ R ] Review, Reinforce [ E ] Expand, Elaborate
DELIVERY: Aids |
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From a Written Speech |
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From an Outlines |
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From Notes |
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Key: [ I ] Introduce, Instruct [ R ] Review, Reinforce [ E ] Expand, Elaborate
DELIVERY: Types |
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Extempore |
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Impromptu |
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READING SKILLS
Key: [ I ] Introduce, Instruct [ R ] Review, Reinforce [ E ] Expand, Elaborate
Reading Comprehension |
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Main Idea |
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Context Clues |
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Cause and Effect |
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Fact and Opinion |
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Sequencing |
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Summarizing |
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Similes and Metaphors |
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Multiple Meaning Words |
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Idioms – Figurative Language |
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Inference |
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Key: [ I ] Introduce, Instruct [ R ] Review, Reinforce [ E ] Expand, Elaborate
Elements of Plot |
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Exposition |
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Foreshadowing |
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Inciting Force |
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Conflict |
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Rising Action |
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Falling Action |
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Resolution |
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Key: [ I ] Introduce, Instruct [ R ] Review, Reinforce [ E ] Expand, Elaborate
Characterization |
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Major Characters |
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Minor Characters |
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Protagonist |
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Antagonist |
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Foil |
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Character Traits |
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Key: [ I ] Introduce, Instruct [ R ] Review, Reinforce [ E ] Expand, Elaborate
Point of View |
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First Person |
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Third-Person Objective |
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Third-Person Limited |
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Omniscient |
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Key: [ I ] Introduce, Instruct [ R ] Review, Reinforce [ E ] Expand, Elaborate
Conflict |
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Man vs. Man |
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Man vs. Nature |
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Man vs. Society |
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Man vs. Self |
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Key: [ I ] Introduce, Instruct [ R ] Review, Reinforce [ E ] Expand, Elaborate
Irony |
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Verbal Irony |
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Irony of the Situations |
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Dramatic Irony |
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Key: [ I ] Introduce, Instruct [ R ] Review, Reinforce [ E ] Expand, Elaborate
Figurative Language |
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Simile |
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Metaphor |
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Alliteration |
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Personification |
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Onomatopoeia |
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Hyperbole |
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Key: [ I ] Introduce, Instruct [ R ] Review, Reinforce [ E ] Expand, Elaborate
Other Literary Elements |
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Foreshadowing |
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Tone |
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Mood |
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Symbolism |
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Theme |
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Imagery |
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Key: [ I ] Introduce, Instruct [ R ] Review, Reinforce [ E ] Expand, Elaborate
Genres |
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Non Fiction: Biography |
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Non Fiction: Autobiography |
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Fiction: Realistic Fiction |
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Fiction: Mystery/Suspense |
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Fiction: Fantasy |
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Fiction: Science Fiction |
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Fiction: Folk Tales |
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Fiction: Tall Tales |
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Fiction: Fairy Tales |
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Fiction: Myths |
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Fiction: Legends |
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Fiction: Poetry |
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Key: [ I ] Introduce, Instruct [ R ] Review, Reinforce [ E ] Expand, Elaborate
Types of Poetry |
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ABC Poem |
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Blank Verse |
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Epitaph |
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Haiku |
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Irony |
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Lyric |
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Odes |
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Refrain |
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Ballad |
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Epic |
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Name Poem |
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Rhymes |
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Prose |
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Allegory |
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Cinquain |
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Couplet |
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Free Verse |
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Imagery |
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Limerick |
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Narrative |
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Quatrain |
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Sonnet |
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Verse |
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PRIMARY SOURCES
Key: [ I ] Introduce, Instruct [ R ] Review, Reinforce [ E ] Expand, Elaborate
Published Documents |
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Books |
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Magazines |
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Newspapers |
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Government Documents |
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Non-government Reports |
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Literature of All-Kinds |
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Advertisements |
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Maps |
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Pamphlets |
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Posters |
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Laws |
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Court Decisions |
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Key: [ I ] Introduce, Instruct [ R ] Review, Reinforce [ E ] Expand, Elaborate
Unpublished Documents |
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Letters |
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Diaries |
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Journals |
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Wills |
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Deed |
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Report Cards |
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Meeting Notes |
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Key: [ I ] Introduce, Instruct [ R ] Review, Reinforce [ E ] Expand, Elaborate
Oral Traditions / Oral Histories |
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Tales |
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Spoken Stories / Anecdotes |
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Key: [ I ] Introduce, Instruct [ R ] Review, Reinforce [ E ] Expand, Elaborate
Visual documents and Artifacts |
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Photographs |
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Films |
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Paintings |
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Sculptures |
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Crafts |
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Buildings |
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Tools |
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SECONDARY SOURCES
Key: [ I ] Introduce, Instruct [ R ] Review, Reinforce [ E ] Expand, Elaborate
Types |
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Dictionaries |
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Encyclopedias |
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Textbooks |
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Books |
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Articles |
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TERTIARY SOURCES
Key: [ I ] Introduce, Instruct [ R ] Review, Reinforce [ E ] Expand, Elaborate
Types |
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Indexes |
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Abstracts |
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